Thursday 20 October 2011

KSHATRIYA CASTE

Kshatriya:

Kshatriya, the term is derived from the Sanskrit word `Ksatra` which means "roof, umbrella, dominion, power, government". Kshatriya occupies the second highest position in Indian Hindu society. Under the Hindu caste system kshatrias are ruler and warrior. The Kshatriya caste members have held power for centuries in India. Although the caste system has been drastically demolished through legislation and social reform in India, it is not uncommon to see Kshatriyas in public office in India, since they have been associated with power and ruling for so long.

History of Kshatriya:

According to the earliest Vedas the Kshatriyas rank the highest in position. But they were given punishment by the sixth incarnation of Vishnu named Parasurama for their tyranny and the caste had fallen to the second position at the end of the Vedic era. Immediately after the Brahmins it is the turn of the Kshatriyas or the warrior class. They were the ruling class and often by collaborating with the Brahmins they reigned over their kingdom. In ancient India the rulers were bound by Holy Scriptures to govern their kingdoms with justice. A Hindu ruler was the protector of his subjects

The Aryans were the earliest warrior classes whose reference is found in the Rig Veda: `praja arya jyotiragrah. `. The Kshatriya dharma propagates that it is the duty of every Kshatriya to fight against injustice. Their origin can be traced back to the Vedic Civilization. However, there is more than one theory that explains their evolution. The first version has its roots in the Hindu Mythology. According to this while Lord Brahma was creating the universe it was decided that a special kind of human race would have to be created to save and protect the humans. Thus the Kshatriyas came into existence.


Another theory in Rig Veda states that the Kshatriyas are made up of God`s arms. According to the doctrine the Lord`s four body parts make up the 4 classes of the society. According to Manu, the Vedic theologist, it was due to different occupations that the people were divided. Those who practiced martial arts became Kshatriyas. In earlier times the rigidity in the caste system was not much prevalent.


Mythological references related to Kshatriya:

Kshatriyas were considered to be the descendents of Lord Surya, Lord Agni or Chandra. For instance Lord Rama was Suryavanshi or the descendent of Sun Dynasty while Lord Krishna belonged to the Lunar Dynasty or Chandravansh. No matter to which family they belonged the lives of this warrior class were divided into 4 stages -`brahmacharya`, `grihastha`, `vanaprastha` and `sannyasi.` Owing to different reasons these were not considered as a part of the warrior class. Kingdoms, such as, Kamboja and Gandhara were Kshatriya. However, for not following the Vedas they became Sudras. On the other hand, certain kingdoms, like, Sakas, Darads, Pahlavas, Dravidas and others lost their status as Kshatriya because of their neglect of the Brahmins. Much later in the Indian history the Rajput society was also depicted as Kshatriyas.

Speciality of Kshatriya:

The Rajputs were known to make deft political chanelizes to consolidate their kingdom or to defeat an enemy. They are also known to follow certain codes of war to fight. They are legendarily said to have untiring persistence to attain their goal as in the case of Maharana Pratap Singh. The Rajputs are considered to be most revered and persistent Kshatriyas. Legendary Rajputs are Rana kumbha, Rana sanga, Raja Bhoja, Rana Mokal, Prithiviraj Chauhan, Rana Hamir, Hadi ke Rani.

The Kshatriyas were specialized in guerrilla warfare. History said that the Maratha warrior and emperor Shivaji Bhonsale had his own army specialized in guerrilla warfare.


In this caste a male child is considered as a symbol of masculinity where a female child needs to be gentle and well behaved. There were certain rules that the Kshatriya required to follow. He was not allowed to marry outside his class; joint family system was to be followed strictly and several other traditions were pre-eminent in the society.


The Kshatriyas were unsparing in their attack on whatever obstructed the growth of the nation and were never afraid to call a spade a spade. They respect people with courage and intelligence. Almost all the aggressive virtues were imbibed in them. The spirit of soaring idealism, bold creation, fearless resistance and courageous attack made them perfect rulers.






Young Rebal Star Prabhas

Prabhas Raju Uppalapati  was born on 23rd October 1979 in Chennai, India. He currently lives in Hyderabad, India.

His father is U Suryanarayana Raju and mother is Siva Kumari. He is one of three children. His brother is Prabodh and sister is Pragathi. His uncle is the famous actor and politician Krishnam Raju Uppalapati.


Prabhas Biography:

Full Name                        :            Prabhas Raju Uppalapati
Well Known As               :            Prabhas [Billa, Darling]
Title                                 :            Rebel Star
Date Of Birth                  :            23 October 1979
Father                              :           U. Suryanarayana Raju
Mother                            :            Siva Kumari
Sister                               :            Pragathi
Brother                            :            Prabodh
Star Sign                          :            Scorpio
Eye colour                       :            Brown
Height                              :            6′ 2″
Home Address                 :            Jublee Hills, Hyderabad
Acting + Dancing             :            Learnt In Vizag
BEST Friend                    :            GOPI CHAND

His Favourites:

Hero                                :            Krishnam Raju (His Uncle)
Heroine                           :            Savitri
Directors                         :            Maniratnam, RamGopalVarma
Musician                         :            A.R.Rahman
Holiday Spot                   :            LONDON
Co-Actress                      :            TRISHA AND SHREYA
Hobbies                           :            WATCHING TV
SONGS                            :           MELLAGA KARAGANI, OKE OKA MATA
Interesting Facts              :           He Hates using Mobile (Uses only for contacting purpose), lesstalkative

Prabhas Movies:

Adaviraamudu (2004)
Billa
Bujjigadu Made In Chennai
Chakram
Chatrapati
Darling
Ek Niranjan
Eswar
Mr Perfect
Munna
Pournami
Raghavendra
Rebel
Varsham
Yogi

Ram Gopal Varma

Ram Gopal Varma:

Ram Gopal Varma was born in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India to Krishnam Raju Penmetsa and Suryavathi Raju Penmetsa.

From my parents’ perspective, I looked like a useless bum. It was the truth. I had no objective. I was just fascinated by people, so I used to study their behaviour. I was most fascinated by the bullies in my classroom. They were like gangsters for me. They had the guts to push around people, do things I couldn’t— perhaps did not even want to do myself. But I’d want a friend like that (laughs). I used to adulate them like heroes. That was my first touch with anti-socialism. Over a period of time, I developed a low-angle fascination for larger than life people. I was always a loner  not because I was unhappy, but because I live away from myself, not just others. I like to study myself  the way I am talking, behaving. My constant obsession with studying myself and other people is perhaps the primary motivation for me to be a filmmaker.

Varma completed BE in civil engineering from V.R.Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada. Even during this period, Varma remained a film buff, through his uncle. Varma would skip classes often and watch films instead. He would watch the same film repeatedly "just to watch certain scenes which interested him. According to him, that is how he learned film direction.

After a brief stint as a site engineer, for a hotel in Hyderabad, he then put his dreams on the back burner and decided to go to Nigeria to make some money. It was at this moment that he visited a video rental library in Hyderabad. He loved the idea and decided to start one of his own at Ameerpet in Hyderabad, through which he slowly developed connections with the film world. Without being successful as a fourth assistant director in B. Gopal's film, Collector Gari Abbai, Varma directly ventured into film direction, in Nagarjuna's 1989 film Shiva.

 Career in Telugu cinema:

Before Varma started his film career in the Telugu film industry, he lingered on the sets of films such as Raogaarillu and Collectorgari Abbai. His father was a sound recordist at Annapurna Studios, Hyderabad which is owned by Akkineni Nageswara Rao. Varma managed to meet Nagarjuna and narrated a scene to the actor which impressed him.  The result of their collaboration was a film on the criminalization of student politics - Shiva. The film was a blockbuster with Varma demonstrating his technical expertise and story-telling skills. The success of the film in Telugu led to a Hindi remake with similar success.

Varma's next film was Kshana Kshanam with Venkatesh and Sridevi which got him noticed by Bollywood critics. The film was dubbed into Hindi as Hairaan. Then he made films such as Raatri and Antham. While Gaayam with Jagapathi Babu and Anaganaga Oka Roju with J.D. Chakravarthy were successful, Govinda Govinda with Nagarjuna and Sridevi proved to be a moderate success at the box office. During this period, Varma also produced films such as Money and Money Money, and was the screen writer for Mani Ratnam's Tamil film Thiruda Thiruda.

Career in Hindi cinema:

While Varma's first successful Hindi film was the remake of Siva. His next film was Drohi. The film that really put the spotlight on him was the blockbuster Rangeela.  The film won Filmfare Awards for Rahman and Shroff. The film, according to Varma, was dedicated to actress Sridevi. His next film Daud (1997), however, sank without a trace.
In 1998, Varma was an executive producer for Dil Se, directed by Mani Ratnam and starring Shahrukh Khan, Manisha Koirala and Preity Zinta. The film won the NETPAC Award for Special Mention at the Berlin Film Festival, as well as two National Film Awards and six Filmfare Awards.

Indian Gangster Trilogy:

In 1998 came his masterpiece, the critically acclaimed Satya, a film based on the Mumbai underworld. A script written by Anurag Kashyap and Saurabh Shukla, music by Vishal Bharadwaj and Sandeep Chowta, acclaimed performances by J. D. Chakravarthy, Manoj Bajpai and Urmila Matondkar, and Varma's directorial and technical brilliance, contributed to a film that was a landmark. The film won six Filmfare Awards, including the Critics Award for Best Film.

In 2002 came his greatest commercial as well as critical success, Company, again set against the backdrop of the Mumbai underworld, in which he cut off the song-and-dance sequences, a commonplace in Bollywood films at the time. It was based on the real-life underworld organization, the D-Company. The film won seven Filmfare Awards and earned him a Filmfare Best Director Award nomination. Mohanlal debuted in Bollywood with this film.

A prequel to Company was made in 2005, titled D, produced by Varma and directed by Vishram Sawant. Satya, Company and D are together considered an "Indian Gangster Trilogy". Satya and Company, in particular, were cited by British director Danny Boyle as influences on his Academy Award winning film Slumdog Millionaire (2008), for their "slick, often mesmerizing portrayals of the Mumbai underworld", their display of "brutality and urban violence", and their gritty realism.

 Experimental films:

During the years between his "Indian Gangster Trilogy", from Satya in 1998 to D in 2005, Varma experimented with different film genres. In 1999, he directed Kaun, a suspense thriller set entirely in one house and featuring only three actors, and Mast, a subversion of the Hindi cinema's masala genre. In 2000, he directed Jungle, a film set entirely in a jungle, for which he was nominated for the Star Screen Award for Best Director.

Following the success of Company in 2002, Varma's next film as director was Bhoot (2003), a psychological horror film, which was a major success. It starred Ajay Devgan and Urmila Matondkar, who earned a number of awards for her performance. Varma himself was nominated for the Filmfare Best Director Award for the film.

Following the success of Bhoot, Varma produced two other experimental films: Sriram Raghavan's Ek Hasina Thi (2003), a psychological thriller, and Shimit Amin's Ab Tak Chhappan (2004), a film about an inspector in the Mumbai Encounter Squad famous for having killed 56 people in police encounters. In 2005, Varma was nominated for the Zee Cine Award for Best Producer of the Year.

 Later films:

Varma's next film as director was Sarkar, released in June 2005, starring Amitabh Bachchan and his son Abhishek Bachchan. Amitabh played the character of Sarkar who is a self-righteous and powerful businessman cum social worker, while Abhishek played his son in the film. Sarkar was a loose adaptation of Mario Puzo's 1969 novel The Godfather. Sarkar went on to become a critically acclaimed box office hit.

In 2006, his next film as director was Shiva, which premiered at the New York Asian Film Festival, where a retrospective featuring several of his previous films was also staged. Alongside Shiva, the festival screened his earlier successful films Company, Ek Hasina Thi and Ab Tak Chhappan. While these three films were praised, Shiva was a critical and commercial failure. In 2007, he directed the ambitious Sholay remake, Ram Gopal Varma Ki Aag, as well as Darling, both of which were critical and box office disasters.

He was written off by the media and public until June 2008, when he reclaimed, to some extent, his lost reputation with his much hyped venture, Sarkar Raj, a sequel to Sarkar; it was an average and met with good reviews. The primary cast featured Amitabh and Abhishek Bachchan reprising their roles from the prequel alongside Aishwarya Rai Bachchan. Supriya Pathak, Tanisha Mukherjee and Ravi Kale also reappeared in their respective roles from Sarkar. Unlike Sarkar, which was loosely adapted from The Godfather, Sarkar Raj had an original plot.

Phoonk (2008) was of the horror film genre and met with mixed reviews, with more of them leaning to the negative side. However, the film was a major hit in comparison to its minuscule budget. Agyaat, which released on 7 August 2009, was again a commercial as well as critical failure. Next was Rann, a film about the media. It had Amitabh Bachchan, Kannada actor Sudeep, Ritesh Deshmukh and Paresh Rawal. Released on 29 January 2010, the film was praised by some critics, but was a commercial disaster. Then he began the promotion works for Phoonk 2, a sequel of Phoonk, which was released on April 16, 2010.

Next came Rakta Charitra, a trilingual in Telugu, Tamil and Hindi languages. The movie was based upon the faction backdrop of the Rayalaseema in Andhra Pradesh. As the entire film lasted for about 5 hours, the film was released in two parts, with in a gap of three months. The film depicts the life of slain political leader Paritala Ravindra, played by Vivek Oberoi, with Tamil actor Surya Sivakumar, enacting the role of Maddelacheruvu Suri, Shatrughan Sinha, playing N. T. Rama Rao. Radhika Apte and Priyamani star in other pivotal roles. The film released to a good opening following Varma's clever pre-release marketing using the controversy surrounding the main characters to his advantage. A fortnight after the film's release, Maddelacheruvu Suri was shot fatally. Though the movie could not get a good reputation in Hindi and Tamil, it gained positive reviews in Telugu and the critics quoted "RGV is back".

Varma's latest release had comedian Sunil as the lead. The film was titled Katha Screenplay Darshakatvam Appalaraju (Story Screenplay Direction AppalRaju, when translated to English). This is said to be a satire on Telugu Film industry mainly targeting directors. A song in the film covered almost all directors like Raghavendra Rao, E.V.V, Kodi Ramakrishna, B.Gopal, S.S Rajamouli, Sreenu Vaitla, Puri Jagannadh, Vinayak and Boyapati Seenu. On 25 February 2011, Varma reportedly filed a complaint against a Telugu news channel in Hyderabad.

Varma has also announced another horror film titled Amma 3D. The film will be the first 3D horror film made in India and is reported to have Ritesh Deshmukh in a significant role.

Varma has roped in Amitabh Bachchan for the lead role in his yet to be filmed movie Department, the plot of which shall revolve around the internal politics of the police department. He has been quoted saying that this film may be considered as "the other side of Company". Sanjay Dutt and Rana Daggubati are reportedly going to play supporting roles. It is a much anticipated collaboration of Sanjay Dutt with the director after their earlier venture "Daud".

 Autobiography:

Varma wrote an autobiography titled Na Ishtam, which discusses his thoughts and opinions.

 Awards:


Filmfare Awards:


Filmfare Critics Award for Best Movie - Satya (1998)
Filmfare Best Story Award - Rangeela (1995)
Filmfare Best Director Award (Telugu)
Shiva (1989)
Kshana Kshanam (1991)
Gaayam (1993)

 Nandi Awards:

Nandi Award for Best Director

Shiva (1989)
Kshana Kshanam (1991)
Prema Kadha (1999)

 Bollywood Awards:


Bollywood Award for Best Director:

Satya (1998)
Jungle (2000)
Company (2002)
Bhoot (2003)

 Filmography:

 As director:

Year     Film                                     Language 

1989      Shiva                                      Telugu
1991      Kshana Kshanam                   Telugu
1992      Antham                                  Telugu
1992      Raathri                                   Telugu
1993      Gaayam                                  Telugu
1993      Govinda Govinda                   Telugu
1995      Rangeela                                 Hindi
1996      Deyyam                                  Telugu
1997      Anaganaga Oka Roju             Telugu
1997      Daud                                       Hindi
1998      Satya                                       Hindi
1999      Prema Kadha                          Telugu
1999      Kaun                                       Hindi
1999      Mast                                        Hindi
2000     Jungle                                      Hindi
2002     Company                                 Hindi
2003     Bhoot                                       Hindi
2004     Naach                                      Hindi
2005     Sarkar                                      Hindi
2006     Shiva                                       Hindi
2007     Nishabd                                   Hindi
2007     Ram Gopal Varma Ki Aag       Hindi
2007     Darling                                     Hindi
2008     Sarkar Raj                               Hindi
2008     Contract                                  Hindi
2008     Phoonk                                   Hindi
2009     Adavi/Agyaat                         Telugu/Hindi
2010     Rann                                       Hindi
2010     Rakta Charitra-Part I              Telugu/Hindi
2010     Rakta Charitra-Part II            Telugu/Hindi/Tamil
2011     Katha Screenplay Darshakatvam Appalaraju   Telugu
2011     Dongala Mutta                        Telugu
2011     Not a Love Story                    Hindi/Telugu
2011     Trishank                                  Hindi Pre-Production
2011     Department                             Hindi
2011     Amma 3D                               Telugu/Hindi/Tamil/English

 As producer:


Year             Film                                                     Language

1992       Raathri                                   Telugu
1993       Money                                    Telugu
1995       Money Money                        Telugu
1996       Gulabi                                     Telugu
1996       W/O V varaprasad                  Telugu
1997       Anaganaga Oka Roju              Telugu
1998       Dil Se Hindi Co-Produced with Mani Ratnam and Shekhar Kapur
1999       Shool                                       Hindi
2001       Love Ke Liye Kuchh Bhi Karega               Hindi
2001       Pyaar Tune Kya Kiya              Hindi
2002       Road                                        Hindi
2003       Ek Hasina Thi                          Hindi
2003       Darna Mana Hai                      Hindi
2004       Ab Tak Chhappan                    Hindi
2004       Vaastu Shastra                         Hindi
2004       Gayab                                      Hindi
2004       Naach                                      Hindi
2005      My Wife's Murder                    Hindi
2005      Main Madhuri Dixit Banna Chahti Hoon         Hindi
2005      D                                              Hindi
2005     James                                        Hindi
2005     Sarkar                                       Hindi
2005     Mr Ya Miss                               Hindi
2006     Darwaza Bandh Rakho            Hindi
2006     Shock                                       Telugu
2006     Shiva                                        Hindi
2006     Darna Zaroori Hai                    Hindi
2007     Nishabd                                    Hindi
2007     Ram Gopal Varma Ki Aag       Hindi
2007     Go                                            Hindi
2008     Sarkar Raj                                Hindi
2009     Adavi                                       Telugu
2009     Agyaat                                     Hindi
2010     Phoonk 2                                 Hindi
2010     Department Hindi Pre-Production
2011     Bejawada Rowdeelu Telugu Pre-Production

 As writer:

Year        Film


1989      Shiva
1990      Kshana Kshanam
1992     Antham / Drohi
1992     Raathri / Raat
1993     Gaayam / Desam
1993     Govinda Govinda
1994    Thiruda Thiruda / Donga Donga
1995    Rangeela
1996    Deyyam
1997    Daud
1999    Shool
2006    Shock
2006    Darna Zaroori Hai
2007    Ram Gopal Varma Ki Aag
2008    Sarkar Raj
2010    Na Ishtam